NS codoped carbon nanorods as anode materials for high-performance lithium and sodium ion batteries

NS codoped carbon nanorods (NS-CNRs) were prepared using crab shell as template and polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) as both the C and S precursor, followed by carbonization in NH3. The as-obtained NS-CNRs had a diameter of similar to 50 nm, length of several micrometers, and N and S contents of 12.5 at.% and 3.7 at.%, respectively, which can serve as anodes for both lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and sodium ion batteries (SIBs). When serving as an anode of LIB, the NS-CNRs delivered gravimetric capacities of 2154 mAh g(-1) at current densities of 0.1 A g(-1) and 625 mAh g(-1) at current densities of 5.0 A g(-1) for 1000 cycles. When serving as an anode of SIB, the NS-CNRs delivered gravimetric capacities of 303 mAh g(-1) at current densities of 0.1 A g(-1) and 230 mAh g(-1) at current densities of 1.0 A g(-1) for 3000 cycles. The excellent electrochemical performance of NS-CNRs could be ascribed to the one-dimensional nanometer structure and high level of heteroatom doping. We expect that the obtained NS-CNRs would benefit for the future development of the doped carbon materials for lithium ion batteries and other extended applications such as supercapacitor, catalyst and hydrogen storage. (c) 2017 Science Press and Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Published by Elsevier B.V. and Science Press. All rights reserved.