Toward new-wave organization creativity: Beyond romance and analogy in the relationship between orchestra-conductor leadership and musician creativity

Some researchers have argued that symphony orchestras, their conductors, and musicians can be used as analogies for the flatter and more creative new-wave organizations of the future. In doing so, we argue, an overly romanticized picture of what these people do has emerged. Here, we dispel such romantic analogies and develop propositions that will allow us to study orchestra-conductor leadership and musician creativity more realistically. We then move to draw important conclusions about the leadership of creative people in new-wave organizations. For the development of our propositions, we integrate the work on the leadership of creative people [Leadersh. Q. 13 (2002) 705] with the Competing Values Framework (CVF), behavioral complexity and their refinements, and extensions of Quinn R. E. (1988). (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.