Thermodynamic modelling of the hydration of Portland cement

A thermodynamic model is developed and applied to calculate the composition of the pore solution and the hydrate assemblage during the hydration of an OPC. The calculated hydration rates of the individual clinker phases are used as time dependent input. The modelled data compare well with the measured composition of pore solutions gained from OPC as well as with TGA and semi-quantitative XRD data. The thermodynamic calculations indicate that in the presence of small amounts of calcite typically included in OPC cements, C-S-H, portlandite, ettringite and calcium monocarbonates are the main hydration products. The thermodynamic model presented in this paper helps to understand the interactions between the different components and the environment and to predict the influence of changes in cement composition on the hydrate assemblage. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.