An integrated topology optimization framework for three-dimensional domains using shell elements

In the last decades, topology optimization has been widely investigated as a preliminary design tool to minimize the use of material in a structure. Despite this, applications to realistic three-dimensional engineering problems are still limited. This study provides the instruments for the definition of a versatile and integrated framework in order to apply topology optimization to large-scale 3-D domains for the design of efficient and high-performing structures. The paper proposes a novel topology optimization strategy to identify the optimal layout of lateral resisting systems for tall buildings through the adoption of Mindlin-Reissner shell elements for the discretization of the continuum design domain. The framework is based on the practical interoperability between MATLAB, Ansys, and computer-aided design (CAD) environments to incorporate optimization routines in the conceptual design phase of structural systems. Finally, the paper examines a three-dimensional tall building case study in order to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed procedure to realistic Civil Engineering design problems and its robustness in finding optimal layouts free from mesh-dependency instabilities.