Management of BCG failures in superficial bladder cancer: A review

被引：151
作者：
Witjes, JA [1 ]
机构：
[1] Univ St Radboud, Ctr Med, Dept Urol, NL-6500 HB Nijmegen, Netherlands
来源：
EUROPEAN UROLOGY | 2006年 / 49卷 / 05期
关键词：
superficial bladder cancer; BCG; failure;
D O I：
10.1016/j.eururo.2006.01.017
中图分类号：
R5 [内科学]; R69 [泌尿科学（泌尿生殖系疾病）];
学科分类号：
1002 ; 100201 ;
摘要：
Objective: Review management of bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) failures in superficial bladder cancer. Method: Search of published literature and meeting abstracts. Results: Patients in whom BCG fails are not a uniform group. Failure cannot be predicted but high-risk patients can be identified. In case of failure and progression the outcome is bad. Conservative but investigative alternatives are BCG/interferon-alpha, intravesical hyperthermia/chemotherapy, or photodynamic therapy. Standard treatment in failing patients remains cystoprostatectomy. Conclusion: BCG failures need careful and individualized therapy in experienced hands. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码：790 / 797
页数：8
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