A phase-domain synchronous generator model including saturation effects

This paper presents a synchronous machine model for transient system analysis derived directly in phase coordinates. Working directly in the physical phase domain instead of the mathematical dqo domain simplifies the interfacing of the machine model with the power system network, and allows the more accurate representation of internal machine phenomena, such as, variable reluctance and saturation effects. It also permits the simulation of internal faults in the machine. The paper presents the basic equations of the phase-domain model and a technique to incorporate saturation effects along the actual direction of the resultant magnetomotive force in the machine air gap at each instant of the time-domain solution.