The Modern Near-Surface Martian Climate: A Review of In-situ Meteorological Data from Viking to Curiosity

被引:188
作者
Martinez, G. M. [1 ]
Newman, C. N. [2 ]
De Vicente-Retortillo, A. [3 ]
Fischer, E. [1 ]
Renno, N. O. [1 ]
Richardson, M. I. [2 ]
Fairen, A. G. [4 ,5 ]
Genzer, M. [6 ]
Guzewich, S. D. [7 ]
Haberle, R. M. [8 ]
Harri, A. -M. [6 ]
Kemppinen, O. [9 ]
Lemmon, M. T. [10 ]
Smith, M. D. [7 ]
de la Torre-Juarez, M. [11 ]
Vasavada, A. R. [11 ]
机构
[1] Univ Michigan, Dept Climate & Space Sci & Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
[2] Aeolis Res, 600 N Rosemead Blvd,Suite 205, Pasadena, CA 91107 USA
[3] Univ Complutense Madrid, Dept Fis Tierra Astron & Astrofis 2, Madrid, Spain
[4] Ctr Astrobiol CSIC INTA, Madrid 28850, Spain
[5] Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
[6] Finnish Meteorol Inst, Earth Observat, Erik Palmenin Aukio 1, Helsinki, Finland
[7] NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA
[8] NASA Ames Res Ctr, Div Space Sci, Moffett Field, CA USA
[9] Kansas State Univ, Dept Phys, Cardwell Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA
[10] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, College Stn, TX 77834 USA
[11] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA
基金
欧洲研究理事会;
关键词
Mars; Atmosphere; Climate; Meteorology; GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; MARS ATMOSPHERIC DYNAMICS; BOUNDARY-LAYER MODEL; WATER-ICE CLOUDS; GALE CRATER; OPTICAL DEPTH; GROUND ICE; PRESSURE CYCLE; DUST STORMS; DIURNAL-VARIATIONS;
D O I
10.1007/s11214-017-0360-x
中图分类号
P1 [天文学];
学科分类号
0704 ;
摘要
We analyze the complete set of in-situ meteorological data obtained from the Viking landers in the 1970s to today's Curiosity rover to review our understanding of the modern near-surface climate of Mars, with focus on the dust, CO2 and H2O cycles and their impact on the radiative and thermodynamic conditions near the surface. In particular, we provide values of the highest confidence possible for atmospheric opacity, atmospheric pressure, near-surface air temperature, ground temperature, near-surface wind speed and direction, and near-surface air relative humidity and water vapor content. Then, we study the diurnal, seasonal and interannual variability of these quantities over a span of more than twenty Martian years. Finally, we propose measurements to improve our understanding of the Martian dust and H2O cycles, and discuss the potential for liquid water formation under Mars' present day conditions and its implications for future Mars missions. Understanding the modern Martian climate is important to determine if Mars could have the conditions to support life and to prepare for future human exploration.
引用
收藏
页码:295 / 338
页数:44
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