A numerical approach to radiative ternary nanofluid flow on curved geometry with cross-diffusion and second order velocity slip constraints

Improving thermal efficiency is one of the most effective ways to optimize energy resources. Researchers has therefore been extensively working on finding innovative solutions for optimizing outputs from utilization of energy. Nanofluids having unique thermophysical properties and promising applications in thermal engineering systems, heating and cooling processes, nanotechnological and bio-medical domains continue to capture ever increasing attention of researchers. This pragmatic study aims at thermo-rheological analysis of ternary nanofluid containing CuO, Al2O3 and TiO2 in water past curved geometry with cross-diffusion and second order velocity slip constraints. Other presumptions considered in mathematical formulations include Lorentz force and thermal radiations. The supposition of gyrotactic microorganisms further improves solubility of nanoparticles. Thermophysical properties of nanomaterials are accounted for computations. The governing Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) are converted to Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs) by adopting suitable transforms and solved numerically by using bvp4c MATLAB package for acquiring results in graphical and tabular forms. The physical aspects are explained thoroughly to rationalize the outcomes. The study con-cludes that thermal conductivity increases from 6% to 26% by increasing volume fraction of ternary nanoparticles from 1% to 4%. The curvature parameter, velocity slip, thermal radiations, thermophoresis, activation energy and chemical reaction improve thermal efficiency of ternary nanofluid. The influence of Soret number is opposite to that of Dufour number. However, velocity slip and Lorentz force have similar impacts on thermo-rheological behaviour of ternary nanofluid.