The cosmopolitan tradition and its relevance in times of globalization

Cosmopolitan theories have undergone a significant revitalization in our times as a result of the intensification of human relations brought about by the phenomenon of globalization. In recent decades, particularly since the fall of the Berlin Wall, there has been a flourishing of cosmopolitan theses that aspire to offer a theoretical model from which to understand and transform reality in this era of openness and growing interdependence inaugurated by globalization. In this paper we make a historical and conceptual approximation to cosmopolitanism, analyzing the causes of its current boom and, after analyzing the elements that make up the phenomenon of globalization, which determines a transition from the first to the second modernity, we formulate a humanist and enlightened proposal of a gradual cosmopolitanism, a cosmopolitan realist conception that allows transcending statehood through the implementation of multilevel forms of governance.