Sensitivity of different flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) genotypes to salinity determined by GE biplot

Plants respond differently to salt stress depending on their genetic structure and the severity of the stress. Salinity reduces seed germination, delays plant emergence, and inhibits seedling growth. The selection of the tolerant genotypes, however, plays a vital role in increasing agricultural output since various geno-types greatly vary for their tolerance to salinity. Therefore, this study determined the impact of five dif-ferent NaCl levels (i.e., 0, 50,100, 150 and 200 mM) on seed germination and growth attributes of 10 flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) genotypes. The germination and growth characteristics of the genotypes under study were examined using the biplot approach at varied salt levels. The results indicated that individual and interactive effects of genotypes and salinity levels significantly (p <= 0.01 or p <= 0.05) affected several seed germination traits. The relations of genotype x germination traits indicated that 'G4' and 'G6' were the most stable genotypes with the highest performance regarding seed germination characteristics. The genotype 'G2' was associated with shoot length, while 'G7' was linked with salinity tolerance index. The biplot divided the germination characteristics into five different groups according to sector analysis. Most of the germination parameters had higher values under 100 mM, while some of the parameters had bet-ter values under 0, 50 and 200 mM NaCl levels. The tested genotypes varied for their seed germination and growth response depending on the NaCl levels. The genotypes 'G4', 'G5' and 'G6' proved more toler-ant to high NaCl levels. Therefore, these genotypes can be used to improve flax productivity under saline soils.(c) 2023 The Author. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of King Saud University. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).