Entropy analysis for two-dimensional double-diffusive mixed convective flow of a Williamson nanofluid through a porous medium

The problem of double-diffusive convection is investigated by considering the MHD effect on non-Newtonian Williamson fluid flowing over a porous medium. The nature of fluid flow and the amount of heat and mass transfer are studied by the variation of MHD and porous parameters. The flow equations are coupled having more than one independent variable which can be transformed into a single independent variable by introducing similarity variables and solved numerically with the utilization of builtin MATLAB bvp4c package. The Brownian motion and thermophoresis effects on flow equations are studied graphically and the irreversibility of flow is considered. The presence of the Prandtl number in the momentum equation and its effect on physical parameters are taken into account. The variation of Williamson parameter on velocity, temperature, nanoparticle concentration, and concentration profiles are analyzed. The primary innovation of our research is shown in tables that contrast the acquired outcomes with the earlier conclusions found in the literature. The behavior of energy and concentration profiles are shown through graphs by differing numerical values of physical parameters.