Physics constraint Deep Learning based radiative transfer model

Deep Learning (DL) open sources libraries such as TensorFlow, Keras, and PyTorch have been widely and successfully applied for many applications in a forward model. We have developed the DL radiative transfer model over Oceans under a clear-sky condition. However, the derived physical model from the DL forward model has difficulties in predicting physical properties such as the Jacobian, because multiple solutions can fit the forward model results during the deep learning training process. The Jacobian model in a radiative transfer can calculate radiance sensitivities on geophysical parameters, which are required by satellite radiance assimilation in support of weather forecasts and for retrieving environmental data records. In this study, we introduce a physics constraint into our deep learning training for deriving the forward model that retains right physics. With this physics constraint, the radiance sensitivities are well captured by this new DL radiative transfer.& COPY; 2023 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement