Recent progress on nanozymes in electrochemical sensing

Nanozymes, as emerging artificial enzymes with superior catalytical properties and high stability, have attracted broad attention in the sensing field. As an important branch, nanozyme-based electrochemical sensing experienced fast growth in the last few years in combination with the intrinsic enzyme-mimic activity and unique physicochemical features owing to the high sensitivity, excellent selectivity, ease for miniaturization and versatile signal reporting modes. Generally, the electrochemical sensing can be achieved using nanozymes as signal tags for amplification or as the advanced catalysts for generating/influencing the electroactive probes. To highlight the achievement in this field, the representative works based on different signal reporting manners including traditional electrochemical assays and the evolutionary modes of electrochemiluminescent and photoelectrochemical sensing are discussed in details in the present work. Finally, the current challenges and perspectives facing are given.