Biomarkers for Salvage Therapy in Testicular Germ Cell Tumors

被引:6
作者
Urbini, Milena [1 ]
Bleve, Sara [2 ]
Schepisi, Giuseppe [2 ]
Menna, Cecilia [2 ]
Gurioli, Giorgia [1 ]
Gianni, Caterina [2 ]
De Giorgi, Ugo [2 ]
机构
[1] IRCCS Ist Romagnolo Studio Tumori IRST Dino Amador, Biosci Lab, I-47014 Meldola, Italy
[2] IRCCS Ist Romagnolo Studio Tumori IRST Dino Amador, Dept Med Oncol, I-47014 Meldola, Italy
关键词
germ cell tumors; testicular cancers; salvage therapy; biomarkers; immunotherapy; molecular alterations; microRNA; HIGH-DOSE CHEMOTHERAPY; PROGNOSTIC-FACTORS; SERUM BIOMARKERS; DRUG-DELIVERY; PHASE-II; T-CELLS; CISPLATIN; CANCER; MICRORNAS; GEMCITABINE;
D O I
10.3390/ijms242316872
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要
The outcome of metastatic testicular germ cell tumor patients has been dramatically improved by cisplatin-based chemotherapy combinations. However, up to 30% of patients with advanced disease relapse after first-line therapy and require salvage regimens, which include treatments with conventional-dose chemotherapy or high-dose chemotherapy with autologous stem cell transplantation. For these patients, prognosis estimation represents an essential step in the choice of medical treatment but still remains a complex challenge. The available histological, clinical, and biochemical parameters attempt to define the prognosis, but they do not reflect the tumor's molecular and pathological features and do not predict who will exhibit resistance to the several treatments. Molecular selection of patients and validated biomarkers are highly needed in order to improve current risk stratification and identify novel therapeutic approaches for patients with recurrent disease. Biomolecular biomarkers, including microRNAs, gene expression profiles, and immune-related biomarkers are currently under investigation in testicular germ cell tumors and could potentially hold a prominent place in the future treatment selection and prognostication of these tumors. The aim of this review is to summarize current scientific data regarding prognostic and predictive biomarkers for salvage therapy in testicular germ cell tumors.
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页数:13
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