Massive Synchrony in Distributed Antenna Systems

被引:14
作者
Larsson, Erik G. [1 ]
机构
[1] Linkoping Univ, Dept Elect Engn ISY, S-58183 Linkoping, Sweden
关键词
Phase calibration; synchronization; reciprocity; distributed antennas; MIMO; estimation; graph models; scalability; RECIPROCITY CALIBRATION; MIMO;
D O I
10.1109/TSP.2024.3358618
中图分类号
TM [电工技术]; TN [电子技术、通信技术];
学科分类号
0808 ; 0809 ;
摘要
Distributed antennas must be phase-calibrated (phase-synchronized) for certain operations, such as reciprocity-based joint coherent downlink beamforming, to work. We use rigorous signal processing tools to analyze the accuracy of calibration protocols that are based on over-the-air measurements between antennas, with a focus on scalability aspects for large systems. We show that (i) for some who-measures-on-whom topologies, the errors in the calibration process are unbounded when the network grows; and (ii) despite that conclusion, it is optimal - irrespective of the topology - to solve a single calibration problem for the entire system and use the result everywhere to support the beamforming. The analyses are exemplified by investigating specific topologies, including lines, rings, and two-dimensional surfaces.
引用
收藏
页码:855 / 866
页数:12
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