Gun violence in United States during the second year of the COVID-19 pandemic

被引:1
作者
Ssentongo, Paddy [1 ,2 ]
Ssentongo, Anna [2 ,3 ]
Heilbrunn, Emily S. [2 ,3 ]
Chinchilli, Vernon M. [2 ,3 ]
机构
[1] Penn State Coll Med, Dept Med, Hershey, PA 17033 USA
[2] Milton S Hershey Med Ctr, Hershey, PA 17033 USA
[3] Penn State Coll Med, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Hershey, PA USA
关键词
gun violence; COVID-19; pandemic; public health crisis; United States; hotspots analyses;
D O I
10.3389/fpubh.2023.950475
中图分类号
R1 [预防医学、卫生学];
学科分类号
1004 ; 120402 ;
摘要
ObjectiveIn the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, gun violence (GV) rates in the United States (US) rose by 30%. We estimate the relative risk of GV in the US in the second year compared to the first year of the pandemic, in time and space. MethodsDaily police reports of gun-related injuries and deaths in the 50 states and the District of Columbia from March 1, 2020, to February 28, 2022, were obtained from the GV Archive. Generalized linear mixed-effects models in the form of Poisson regression analyses were utilized to estimate state-specific rates of GV. ResultsNationally, GV rates during the second year of the pandemic (March 1, 2021, through February 28, 2022) remained the same as that of the first year (March 1, 2020, through February 28, 2021) (Intensity Ratio = 0.996; 95% CI 0.98, 1.01; p = 0.53). Nevertheless, hotspots of GV were identified. Nine (18%) states registered a significantly higher risk of GV during the second year of the pandemic compared to the same period in the first year. In 10 (20%) states, the risk of GV during the second year of the pandemic was significantly lower compared to the same period in the first year. ConclusionGV risk in the US is heterogeneous. It continues to be a public health crisis, with 18% of the states demonstrating significantly higher GV rates during the second year of the COVID-19 pandemic compared to the same timeframe 1 year prior.
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