Performance, Combustion, and Emission analysis of diesel engine fuelled with pyrolysis oil blends and n-propyl alcohol-RSM optimization and ML modelling

This experimental work focuses on testing the diesel engine by the replacement of pyrolysis oil extracted from different waste plastics. The novelty of this work is testing the engine performance, combustion, and emission study with the following proportions D90WPO7NP3, D80WPO15NP5, D70WPO23NP7, WPO100, and D100. The pyrolysis oil is extracted from the mixed waste plastics with calcium bentonite as a catalyst and n-propyl alcohol is used as an additive for better igniting developer. From the results, it is found that the performance parameters such as BTE are found to increase in efficiency by 2.2% for the fuel D90WPO7NP3 and decrease in BSFC by 3.1% for the same fuel compared to pure diesel. It is also noticed that the emission properties such as CO2, CO, HC, and O2 content decreased in the order of 5.49%, and 6.2%. 39.2 and 12.5 % as compared to pure diesel. However, there is a slight increase in emissions of NOX due to the presence of uncontrolled enriched constituents in the pyrolysis oil; the increase in NOx emissions is found to be 16.2% compared to diesel fuel at full load conditions. The ML and RSM techniques using ANOVA techniques are adopted to find the least accuracy of data. This shows that the model fits the data well. The linear regression model explains 93.6% of the variation in BTE during training and has 95.9% prediction power. Linear Regression showed good predictive skills, acquiring a high R2 value of 0.985. It is concluded that pyrolysis oil with n-propyl alcohol as an additive gives a better substitute in the field of automobile applications.