A novel 2D analytical model for predicting single and multiple-interacting wakes of horizontal-axis wind turbines

A 2D analytical model has been proposed for predicting the wind velocity distribution inside the wake by coupling the Jensen wake model and the Gaussian function using the conservation of mass and momentum. More realistic approaches were adopted in choosing the control volume and calculation of the wake initial radius at the formation and a new modified expression was employed for the wake turbulence intensity to be used for computation of the revised wake decay. Validation of the model was performed using a body of experimental and numerical data, where the model was thoroughly compared with five analytical models of the literature. The model was successful in predicting double-interacting wakes, and gave more accurate single wake velocity profiles at the far wake region, especially at downwind distances of x >= 7dt$$ x\ge 7{d}_t $$ (dt$$ {d}_t $$ is the rotor diameter), which are the economically- and power harvesting-optimized spacing between the turbines in wind farms.