A comprehensive digital twin framework for building environment monitoring with emphasis on real-time data connectivity and predictability

The concept of digital twins, initially developed in manufacturing, has found applications in various industries. However, its adoption in the construction field is still nascent, with a limited understanding of its benefits and implications. Existing examples of digital twin implementation in construction mainly provide general frameworks or possibilities for performance. To effectively harness the potential of digital twins in construction, establishing connectivity and predictability for data exchange between the physical and virtual realms is crucial. This research defines the essential requirements for real-time connectivity and predictability in digital twin implementation and proposes a framework and architecture based on these principles. The proposed method is evaluated through the implementation of a digital twin for monitoring the environmental performance of existing buildings, revealing its effectiveness and challenges. This study serves as a valuable exemplar for the development of a digital twin platform dedicated to construction monitoring.