Complexation behavior of copper and zinc divalent ions towards diisatin malonyl dihydrazone ligand with biological and catalytic assessments

According to the interesting reactivity of arylhydrazones in coordination chemistry and biological assays, malonyl dihydrazone ligand of diisatin derivative (H2Lm) was reacted with Cu2+ and Zn2+ ions forming two complexes of dinuclear homoleptic mode (CuLm and ZnLm, respectively). Demonstration of their chemical structures was confirmed through various spectroscopic ways alongside the elemental analyses (EA), conductivity measurements, and magnetic characteristics.Their bio-performance was recorded based on their inhibited potential of the growing ability of some common bacteria, fungi, and human cancer/normal cell lines. The biological studies appointed the role and job of M2+ ion = Cu2+ or Zn2+ in its chelated MLm complex to perform the bio-reactivity over the free ligand, H2Lm. Moreover, their interacted modes with ctDNA (i.e., calf thymus DNA) were examined via the viscometry and spectrophotometric titration. Because the two chelates (CuLm and ZnLm) represented an attractive job for the inhibited action against the current microorganisms and the human cancer/normal strains' growth over the free H2Lm ligand, CuLm and ZnLm complexes displayed a distinguished interaction with ctDNA more than that of their uncoordinated H2Lm ligand. From the values of binding constant (Kb) and Gibb's free energy ( increment Gb not equal$$ \Delta {G}_b<^>{\ne } $$), CuLm assigned more bio-action within ctDNA more than ZnLm H2Lm ligand, referring to the role of Cu2+ ion with more electronegativity to enhance the reactivity of CuLm over their free H2Lm ligand and ZnLm.The catalytic behavior of CuLm and ZnLm was given within the epoxidation of 1,2-cyclohexene (an example of unsaturated hydrocarbons) homogeneously using hydrogen peroxide (the oxidant). Their catalytic action was optimized through various temperatures, solvents, time, and type of M2+ ion in the catalyst. Cu2+ and Zn2+ complexes of malonyl dihydrazone derivative are synthesized and characterized.The antimicrobial (bacteria and fungi) and anticancer potential of M-complexes and their ligand are examined. Their binding to ctDNA is examined via UV-Visible spectroscopy and hydrodynamic measurements. Cu2+ and Zn2+ complexes have more biological reactivity over their free ligand based the role of metal ion of the Tweedy's chelation theory. Their catalytic reactivity was examined in the epoxidation of 1,2-cyclohexene with H2O2, in which they assigned high catalytic performance. image