Numerical analysis of local thermal non-equilibrium free convection in a porous enclosure with a wavy cold side wall

In this piece of communication, numerical heat transfer and fluid flow in a Darcy porous enclosure are investigated. The right wavy wall is maintained at a constant low temperature, with the top and bottom preserved thermally insulated, while the left vertical wall is uniformly heated. The governing equations for non-dimensional systems are solved using the Galerkin finite element method; a local thermal non-equilibrium appears between the base fluid and porous matriz. The effects of interface heat transfer parameter (0 <= Nhs <= 10(3)) along with porosity of porous media (0.1 <= ? <= 0.9), Rayleigh-Darcy number (10 <= Ra <= 10(3)), and parameters involving waviness of cavities, such as the number of undulations in a unit length (1 <= N <= 5) and amplitude of the wave (0.05 <= a <= 0.25) are investigated. The results show that increment waviness aug-ments heat transfer enhancement for fluid and solid phases. The local thermal equilibrium cases for various parameters are pointed out at a 5% significance level of the average temperature difference between the two phases.