Age-related changes in neural responses to sensory stimulation in autism: a cross-sectional study

被引:6
作者
Cakar, Melis E. [1 ]
Cummings, Kaitlin K. [2 ]
Bookheimer, Susan Y. [3 ,4 ]
Dapretto, Mirella [3 ,4 ]
Green, Shulamite A. [3 ,4 ]
机构
[1] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ahmanson Lovelace Brain Mapping Ctr, Neurosci Interdept Program, 660 Charles E Young Dr South, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
[2] Univ N Carolina, Dept Psychol & Neurosci, Chapel Hill, NC USA
[3] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA USA
[4] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Jane & Terry Semel Inst Neurosci & Human Behav, Los Angeles, CA USA
基金
美国国家卫生研究院;
关键词
Sensory over-responsivity; Sensory processing; Autism spectrum disorder; Development; fMRI; Neural activity; SPECTRUM DISORDER; OVER-RESPONSIVITY; CHILDREN; HETEROGENEITY; ABNORMALITIES; CONNECTIVITY; MODULATION; TODDLERS; ANXIETY; ADULTS;
D O I
10.1186/s13229-023-00571-4
中图分类号
Q3 [遗传学];
学科分类号
071007 ; 090102 ;
摘要
Background Sensory over-responsivity (SOR) is an impairing sensory processing challenge in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) which shows heterogenous developmental trajectories and appears to improve into adulthood in some but not all autistic individuals. However, the neural mechanisms underlying interindividual differences in these trajectories are currently unknown.Methods Here, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate the association between age and neural activity linearly and nonlinearly in response to mildly aversive sensory stimulation as well as how SOR severity moderates this association. Participants included 52 ASD (14F) and 41 (13F) typically developing (TD) youth, aged 8.6-18.0 years.Results We found that in pre-teens, ASD children showed widespread activation differences in sensorimotor, frontal and cerebellar regions compared to TD children, while there were fewer differences between ASD and TD teens. In TD youth, older age was associated with less activation in the prefrontal cortex. In contrast, in ASD youth, older age was associated with more engagement of sensory integration and emotion regulation regions. In particular, orbitofrontal and medial prefrontal cortices showed a nonlinear relationship with age in ASD, with an especially steep increase in sensory-evoked neural activity during the mid-to-late teen years. There was also an interaction between age and SOR severity in ASD youth such that these age-related trends were more apparent in youth with higher SOR.Limitations The cross-sectional design limits causal interpretations of the data. Future longitudinal studies will be instrumental in determining how prefrontal engagement and SOR co-develop across adolescence.Conclusions Our results suggest that enhanced recruitment of prefrontal regions may underlie age-related decreases in SOR for a subgroup of ASD youth.
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页数:19
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