Optimization of square wave voltammetry parameters by response surface methodology for the determination of Sunset yellow using an electrochemical sensor based on Purpald

A modified electrode (Purpald (R)/GC) was prepared by electrochemical deposition of 4-Amino-5-hydrazino-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol (Purpald (R)) on the glassy carbon electrode surface to determine sunset yellow (SY). The sensor was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer attached, and electrochemical techniques. Optimum experimental conditions were determined for the determination of SY. To obtain better analytical performance on the Purpald (R)/GC sensor, the response surface methodology experimental design was used. The square wave voltammetry technique's pa-rameters were optimized to obtain the highest anodic peak current of SY. The working range was obtained as three linear concentration ranges were 4.97 nM-1.18 mu M, 1.18 mu M-15.16 mu M, and 15.16 mu M-0.153 mM. The LOD value was found as 1.15 nM with the optimum parameters combination. Using the proposed sensor, SY con-centration was determined with satisfactory results in instant powder drink and orange-flavored carbonated drink samples.