Mussel-inspired lignin decorated cellulose nanocomposite tough organohydrogel sensor with conductive, transparent, strain-sensitive and durable properties

A novel gel-based wearable sensor with environment resistance (anti-freezing and anti-drying), excellent strength, high sensitivity and self-adhesion was prepared by introducing biomass materials including both lignin and cellulose. The introduction of lignin decorated CNC (L-CNC) to the polymer network acted as nano-fillers to improve the gel's mechanical with high tensile strength (72 KPa at 25 degrees C, 77 KPa at-20 degrees C), excellent stretchability (803 % at 25 degrees C, 722 % at-20 degrees C). The abundant catechol groups formed in the process of dy-namic redox reaction between lignin and ammonium persulfate endowed the gel with robust tissue adhesiveness. Impressively, the gel exhibited outstanding environment resistance, which could be stored for a long time (>60 days) in an open-air environment with a wide work temperature range (-36.5 degrees C-25 degrees C). Based on these sig-nificant properties, the integrated wearable gel sensor showed superior sensitivity (gauge factor = 3.11 at 25 degrees C and 2.01 at-20 degrees C) and could detect human activities with excellent accuracy and stability. It is expected that this work will provide a promising platform for fabricating and application of a high-sensitive strain conductive gel with long-term usage and stability.