Overview of the application of Ground-Penetrating Radar, Laser, infrared thermal Imaging, and ultrasonic in nondestructive testing of road surface

Developments in the field of nondestructive testing (NDT) for road surfaces have gained substantial momentum owing to its advantages of noninvasiveness, and intelligent. This study considers the role of NDT in highway management, maintenance, and operation. Within this context, four NDT methodologies are reviewed, including ground-penetrating radar, laser, infrared thermal imaging, and ultrasonic technologies, in the context of their applications in asphalt pavement evaluation. The principles underlying the functionality of these techniques, coupled with their disease identification capabilities and relevant indices, were elucidated. Moreover, a comprehensive analysis of the factors influencing the precision of NDT is conducted. This review covers the distinct attributes and challenges of applying NDT technologies to asphalt pavements. It also extrapolates the development trajectory in this field by considering future directions and opportunities. The insights gained from this study are expected to galvanize the continues progress and widespread implementation of NDT technologies in asphalt pavement assessment.