The generation of the flower by self-organisation

被引:3
|
作者
Schiffmann, Yoram [1 ]
机构
[1] Ctr Math Sci, Dept Appl Math & Theoret Phys, Wilberforce Rd, Cambridge CB3 0WA, England
关键词
Plant development; Symmetry and symmetry breaking; Turing-child patterns; Science and art; The music of the flower; The eigenfunctions of the laplacian; TURING-CHILD FIELD; HOMEOTIC GENE; PATTERN-FORMATION; FLORAL ASYMMETRY; SYMMETRY; DROSOPHILA; DEFICIENS; DIFFERENTIATION; AUTOREGULATION; EXPRESSION;
D O I
10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2022.10.007
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要
The essence of the Turing-Child theory (Schiffmann, 1991, 2017) is the direct and spontaneous conversion of chemical energy into simultaneous differentiation and morphogenesis, and all localised biological work and localised entropy-reducing processes. This is done via the identification of the Turing instability with cAMP and ATP being the Turing morphogens that mutually fulfil the five Turing inequalities. A flower model like the ABC model is derived from experiments with mutations. But what actually generates the model in real development? That is, how do genes of class A come to be expressed in the sepal and petal whorls, genes of class B in the petal and stamen whorls, and genes of class C in the stamen and carpel whorls. We suggest that the generation of the ABC model occurs via sequential compartmentalisation by Turing-Child eigenfunction patterns similar to the one occurring in Drosophila (Schiffmann, 2012). We also suggest a similar mechanism for the generation of the dorso-lateral-ventral polarity and bilateral symmetry. A mechanism for the generation of the regular location of the floral organs is also suggested. The symmetry and regularity of flowers, which are the source of their attraction and beauty, stem from the symmetry and regularity of the Turing-Child eigenfunctions. The central problem in developmental biology is the endless regress. This endless regress is halted by the Turing-Child pre-patterns and this is illustrated on a central example in flower generation. Both the shape and the chemistry - the steady-state rate of ATP synthesis and hydrolysis - of the Turing-Child pre-patterns are exactly what is required. Art and science meet in flower formation.
引用
收藏
页码:42 / 54
页数:13
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