Improved Constraints on the 21 cm EoR Power Spectrum and the X-Ray Heating of the IGM with HERA Phase I Observations

被引：103

作者：

Abdurashidova, Zara ^{[1
]}

Adams, Tyrone ^{[2
]}

Aguirre, James E. ^{[3
]}

Alexander, Paul ^{[4
]}

Ali, Zaki S. ^{[1
]}

Baartman, Rushelle ^{[2
]}

Balfour, Yanga ^{[2
]}

Barkana, Rennan ^{[5
,27
]}

Beardsley, Adam P. ^{[6
,7
]}

Bernardi, Gianni ^{[2
,8
,9
]}

Billings, Tashalee S. ^{[3
]}

Bowman, Judd D. ^{[7
]}

Bradley, Richard F. ^{[10
]}

Breitman, Daniela ^{[11
]}

Bull, Philip ^{[12
,13
,14
]}

Burba, Jacob ^{[15
]}

Carey, Steve ^{[4
]}

Carilli, Chris L. ^{[16
]}

Cheng, Carina ^{[1
]}

Choudhuri, Samir ^{[13
,17
]}

DeBoer, David R. ^{[1
]}

Acedo, Eloy de Lera ^{[4
]}

Dexter, Matt ^{[1
]}

Dillon, Joshua S. ^{[1
]}

Ely, John ^{[4
]}

Ewall-Wice, Aaron ^{[1
]}

Fagnoni, Nicolas ^{[4
]}

Fialkov, Anastasia ^{[18
,19
]}

Fritz, Randall ^{[2
]}

Furlanetto, Steven R. ^{[20
]}

Gale-Sides, Kingsley ^{[4
]}

Garsden, Hugh ^{[12
,13
]}

Glendenning, Brian ^{[16
]}

Gorce, Adelie ^{[21
,22
]}

Gorthi, Deepthi ^{[1
]}

Greig, Bradley ^{[23
]}

Grobbelaar, Jasper ^{[2
]}

Halday, Ziyaad ^{[2
]}

Hazelton, Bryna J. ^{[24
,25
]}

Heimersheim, Stefan ^{[18
]}

Hewitt, Jacqueline N. ^{[26
,27
]}

Hickish, Jack ^{[1
]}

Jacobs, Daniel C. ^{[7
]}

Julius, Austin ^{[2
]}

Kern, Nicholas S. ^{[26
,27
]}

Kerrigan, Joshua ^{[15
]}

Kittiwisit, Piyanat ^{[14
]}

Kohn, Saul A. ^{[3
]}

Kolopanis, Matthew ^{[7
]}

Lanman, Adam ^{[15
,21
,22
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA

[2] South African Radio Astron Observ, Cape Town, South Africa

[3] Univ Penn, Dept Phys & Astron, Philadelphia, PA USA

[4] Univ Cambridge, Cavendish Astrophys, Cambridge, England

[5] Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, IL-69978 Tel aviv, Israel

[6] Winona State Univ, Dept Phys, Winona, MN USA

[7] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ USA

[8] Ist Radioastron, INAF, Via Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy

[9] Rhodes Univ, Dept Phys & Elect, POB 94, ZA-6140 Grahamstown, South Africa

[10] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Charlottesville, VA USA

[11] Scuola Normale Super Pisa, I-56126 Pisa, PI, Italy

[12] Univ Manchester, Jodrell Bank Ctr Astrophys, Manchester M13 9PL, England

[13] Queen Mary Univ London, Dept Phys & Astron, London, England

[14] Univ Western Cape, Dept Phys & Astron, ZA-7535 Bellville, South Africa

[15] Brown Univ, Dept Phys, Providence, RI USA

[16] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Socorro, NM USA

[17] Indian Inst Technol Madras, Dept Phys, Ctr Strings Gravitat & Cosmol, Chennai 600036, India

[18] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Madingley Rd, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England

[19] Kavli Inst Cosmol, Madingley Rd, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England

[20] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA USA

[21] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, 3600 Univ St, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada

[22] McGill Univ, McGill Space Inst, 3600 Univ St, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada

[23] Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia

[24] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA USA

[25] Univ Washington, eSci Inst, Seattle, WA USA

[26] MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA USA

[27] MIT, MIT Kavli Inst, Cambridge, MA USA

[28] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Sch Chem & Phys, Westville Campus,Private Bag X54001, ZA-4000 Durban, South Africa

[29] Harvard & Smithsonian, Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA USA

[30] Raman Res Inst, Sadashivanagar, Bengaluru, India

[31] Commonwealth Sci & Ind Res Org CSIRO, Space & Astronomy, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia

[32] Amer Astron Soc, Washington, DC USA

来源：

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL | 2023年 / 945卷 / 02期

基金：

英国科学技术设施理事会; 新加坡国家研究基金会; 美国国家科学基金会; 芬兰科学院; 加拿大自然科学与工程研究理事会; 澳大利亚研究理事会; 欧洲研究理事会;

关键词：

BASE-LINE CALIBRATION; GLOBAL 21-CM SIGNAL; ABSOLUTE SKY BRIGHTNESS; APPROXIMATE-TO; 9.1; HYDROGEN EPOCH; COSMIC DAWN; REIONIZATION ARRAY; INTERGALACTIC MEDIUM; LOW-FREQUENCY; POLARIZED FOREGROUNDS;

D O I：

10.3847/1538-4357/acaf50

中图分类号：

P1 [天文学];

学科分类号：

0704 ;

摘要：

We report the most sensitive upper limits to date on the 21 cm epoch of reionization power spectrum using 94 nights of observing with Phase I of the Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array (HERA). Using similar analysis techniques as in previously reported limits, we find at 95% confidence that Delta(2)(k = 0.34 h Mpc(-1)) <= 457 mK(2) at z = 7.9 and that Delta(2)(k = 0.36 h Mpc(-1)) <= 3496 mK(2) at z = 10.4, an improvement by a factor of 2.1 and 2.6, respectively. These limits are mostly consistent with thermal noise over a wide range of k after our data quality cuts, despite performing a relatively conservative analysis designed to minimize signal loss. Our results are validated with both statistical tests on the data and end-to-end pipeline simulations. We also report updated constraints on the astrophysics of reionization and the cosmic dawn. Using multiple independent modeling and inference techniques previously employed by HERA Collaboration, we find that the intergalactic medium must have been heated above the adiabatic cooling limit at least as early as z = 10.4, ruling out a broad set of so-called "cold reionization" scenarios. If this heating is due to high-mass X-ray binaries during the cosmic dawn, as is generally believed, our result's 99% credible interval excludes the local relationship between soft X-ray luminosity and star formation and thus requires heating driven by evolved low-metallicity stars.

引用

页数：43

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