Simultaneous estimation of andrographolide, apigenin, apocynin, and gallic acid by high-performance thin layer chromatography method with Greenness quality by design approach

People's health benefits from andrographolide (ANDRO), apigenin (API), gallic acid (GA), and apocynin (APO) because they aid in the treatment of liver illness. The study mainly illustrated that a green approach is essential in the medical sector as well as the herbal sector with the help of "Green Analytical quality by design". The mobile phase combination Dichloromethane: Ethyl acetate: Formic acid (10:8:0.4)v/v/v was optimized with the aid of an analytical quality-by-design approach. The absorbance mode at 254 nm was chosen for densitometric analysis as it gives a compact spot of ANDRO, API, GA, and APO at RF values of 0.24, 0.55, 0.17, and 0.68. Linearity was obtained in the range of 200-800 ng for all four markers. After retardation factor, ANDRO, APO, API, and GA from the tablet were found 0.0433, 0.0020, 0.1356, and 0.0015 mg, respectively. The validation parameter of R2 value ranged from 0.998, 0.999, 0.996, and 0.998 for all four ANDRO, API, GA, and APO. The study's findings revealed that the "high-performance thin layer chromatography" technology is an environmentally friendly analytical design that helps to maintain the stability of the medication. It was also acknowledged as a quality design and a fresh idea in the pharmaceutical industry.