Tear Film MicroRNAs as Potential Biomarkers: A Review

被引:21
作者
Altman, Jeremy [1 ]
Jones, Garrett [1 ]
Ahmed, Saleh [1 ]
Sharma, Shruti [1 ,2 ]
Sharma, Ashok [1 ,2 ,3 ]
机构
[1] Augusta Univ, Med Coll Georgia, Ctr Biotechnol & Genom Med, Augusta, GA 30912 USA
[2] Augusta Univ, Med Coll Georgia, Dept Ophthalmol, Augusta, GA 30912 USA
[3] Augusta Univ, Med Coll Georgia, Dept Populat Hlth Sci, Augusta, GA 30912 USA
基金
美国国家卫生研究院;
关键词
tear film; microRNA; biomarker; ocular diseases; Alzheimer's and breast cancer; BREAST-CANCER; DOWN-REGULATION; DIABETIC-RETINOPATHY; EXPRESSION; CELLS; ACTIVATION; INFLAMMATION; AUTOIMMUNITY; APOPTOSIS; VEGF;
D O I
10.3390/ijms24043694
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要
MicroRNAs are non-coding RNAs that serve as regulatory molecules in a variety of pathways such as inflammation, metabolism, homeostasis, cell machinery, and development. With the progression of sequencing methods and modern bioinformatics tools, novel roles of microRNAs in regulatory mechanisms and pathophysiological states continue to expand. Advances in detection methods have further enabled larger adoption of studies utilizing minimal sample volumes, allowing the analysis of microRNAs in low-volume biofluids, such as the aqueous humor and tear fluid. The reported abundance of extracellular microRNAs in these biofluids has prompted studies to explore their biomarker potential. This review compiles the current literature reporting microRNAs in human tear fluid and their association with ocular diseases including dry eye disease, Sjogren's syndrome, keratitis, vernal keratoconjunctivitis, glaucoma, diabetic macular edema, and diabetic retinopathy, as well as non-ocular diseases, including Alzheimer's and breast cancer. We also summarize the known roles of these microRNAs and shed light on the future progression of this field.
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页数:16
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