Health effects of the New Nordic Renal Diet in patients with stage 3 and 4 chronic kidney disease, compared with habitual diet: a randomized trial

被引:8
作者
Hansen, Nikita Misella [1 ,2 ]
Kamper, Anne-Lise [1 ]
Rix, Marianne [1 ]
Feldt-Rasmussen, Bo [1 ,2 ]
Leipziger, Jens [3 ]
Orensen, Mads Vaarby S. [3 ]
Berg, Peder [3 ]
Astrup, Arne [4 ]
Salomo, Louise [1 ]
机构
[1] Copenhagen Univ Hosp, Dept Nephrol, Rigshosp, Copenhagen, Denmark
[2] Univ Copenhagen, Fac Hlth & Med Sci, Dept Clin Med, Copenhagen, Denmark
[3] Aarhus Univ, Dept Biomed, Aarhus, Denmark
[4] Novo Nordisk Fdn, Dept Obes & Nutr Sci, Hellerup, Denmark
关键词
chronic kidney disease; New Nordic Renal Diet; dietary intervention; 24h urine phosphorus; low dietary sodium; low dietary protein; proteinuria; acid base; blood pressure; weight loss; metabolic syndrome; GROWTH-FACTOR; 23; WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE; MEDITERRANEAN DIET; PHOSPHATE; FGF23; HYPERPHOSPHATEMIA; PHOSPHORUS; ENERGY; METAANALYSIS; MECHANISMS;
D O I
10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.08.008
中图分类号
R15 [营养卫生、食品卫生]; TS201 [基础科学];
学科分类号
100403 ;
摘要
<bold>Background: </bold>Chronic kidney disease (CKD) leads to an accumulation of waste products and causes adverse cardiometabolic effects. <bold>Objectives: </bold>We investigated the health effects of the New Nordic Renal Diet (NNRD), a novel meal pattern reduced in phosphorus, protein, and sodium. <bold>Methods: </bold>A 26-wk randomized trial compared the NNRD with a habitual diet. The NNRD group received weekly home deliveries of food and recipes. Monthly study visits included fasting blood samples, 24-h urine samples, blood pressure, and anthropometric measurements. Intention-to-treat analysis used linear mixed-effects models. <bold>Results: </bold>Sixty patients, mean estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) 34 mL/min/1.73 m(2) and body mass index of 25-27 kg/m(2), were included and 58 completed. Metabolic syndrome was present in 53% (NNRD group) and 57% (control group). The NNRD group (n = 30) reduced their 24-h urine phosphorus excretion by 19% (-153 mg; 95% confidence interval [CI]: -210, -95), control group (n = 30) (no change), between-group difference -171 mg (95% CI: -233, -109; P < 0.001). Proteinuria was reduced by 39% in the NNRD group (-0.33 g/d; 95% CI: -0.47, -0.18), control group (no change), between-group difference -0.34 g/d (95% CI: -0.52, -0.17; P < 0.001). Plasma urea was reduced by -1.5 mmol/L in the NNRD group (95% CI: -2.1, -0.9), control group (no change), between-group difference -1.4 mmol/L (95% CI: -2.0, -0.7; P < 0.001). Systolic blood pressure fell by -5.2 mmHg in the NNRD group (95% CI: -8.4, -2.1), control group (no change), between-group difference -3.9 mmHg (95% CI; -7.6, -0.2; P = 0.04). The NNRD group lost -1.7 kg (95% CI: -2.6, -0.8), control group (no change), between-group difference -2.0 kg (95% CI: -3.0, -1.0; P < 0.001). There were no effects on eGFR during the 26-wk intervention. <bold>Conclusion: </bold>NNRD in moderate CKD reduces phosphorus excretion, proteinuria, systolic blood pressure, and weight, mainly by reducing abdominal fat.
引用
收藏
页码:1042 / 1054
页数:13
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