Soret and Dufour effects on MHD nanofluid flow of blood through a stenosed artery with variable viscosity

This study deals with the effects of Soret and Dufour on MHD nanofluid flow through a composite stenosed artery having temperature-dependent viscosity. To determine the radiation effect in the energy equation, the Rosseland approximation has been considered in this study. The Reynolds viscosity model has been considered to describe the influence of temperature dependent viscosity. The governing equations of the model are solved numerically by applying "Finite Difference Method ". The effects of the above-mentioned parameters on the velocity, temperature and concentration along the radial axis have been studied and are physically interpreted for medical applications. Shear stress, heat transfer and mass transfer effects have been examined. The heat and mass transfer effects are studied using the Nusselt number and Sherwood number, respectively. Shear stress, Sherwood number and Nusselt number are analyzed with the help of graphs for different physical parameters along with the height of stenosis. Temperature increases with the Soret number as thermophoretic diffusion increases due to temperature gradient and decreases with the Dufour number as concentration gradient causes a decrease in energy flux. In this paper, we studied the CuNPs with blood as a base fluid under an external magnetic field. CuNPs are of great interest for many reasons, including low cost and easy availability and their similar properties to those of noble metals like silver, gold, etc. Recently, biological applications of CuNPs have been considered for several usages, such as drug delivery, antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, anticancer, and novel therapeutic agents for combating other diseases. Enhancement in the copper nanoparticle volume fraction resulted in an increase in the thermal conductivity and dissipation of heat throughout the stenosed artery resulted in a decline of the temperature profile. This study contributes to the understanding of the nonsurgical treatment of stenosis and other anomalies, as well as the minimization of post-operative complications. Further, these studies may be helpful in the biomedical field such as magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) to take the image of an artery to locate the abnormalities in the artery.