Probing the Degree of Coherence through the Full 1D to 3D Crossover

被引:7
作者
Shah, R. [1 ]
Barrett, T. J. [1 ]
Colcelli, A. [2 ,3 ]
Orucevic, F. [1 ]
Trombettoni, A. [2 ,3 ,4 ]
Krueger, P. [1 ,5 ]
机构
[1] Univ Sussex, Dept Phys & Astron, Brighton BN1 9QH, England
[2] SISSA, Via Bonomea 265, I-34136 Trieste, Italy
[3] INFN, Sez Trieste, Via Bonomea 265, I-34136 Trieste, Italy
[4] Univ Trieste, Dept Phys, Str Costiera 11, I-34151 Trieste, Italy
[5] Phys Tech Bundesanstalt, D-10587 Berlin, Germany
关键词
BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATION; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; GASES; SUPERLATTICE; DYNAMICS; ATOMS;
D O I
10.1103/PhysRevLett.130.123401
中图分类号
O4 [物理学];
学科分类号
0702 ;
摘要
We experimentally study a gas of quantum degenerate 87Rb atoms throughout the full dimensional crossover, from a one-dimensional (1D) system exhibiting phase fluctuations consistent with 1D theory to a three-dimensional (3D) phase-coherent system, thereby smoothly interpolating between these distinct, well-understood regimes. Using a hybrid trapping architecture combining an atom chip with a printed circuit board, we continuously adjust the system's dimensionality over a wide range while measuring the phase fluctuations through the power spectrum of density ripples in time-of-flight expansion. Our measurements confirm that the chemical potential mu controls the departure of the system from 3D and that the fluctuations are dependent on both mu and the temperature T. Through a rigorous study we quantitatively observe how inside the crossover the dependence on T gradually disappears as the system becomes 3D. Throughout the entire crossover the fluctuations are shown to be determined by the relative occupation of 1D axial collective excitations.
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页数:7
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