Maximizing hydrogen-rich syngas production from rubber wood biomass in an updraft fluidized bed gasifier: An advanced 3D simulation study

Background: This research focuses on biomass gasification as a solution to the global energy crisis. The study aims to optimize the production of syngas by simulating an updraft fluidized bed gasifier using rubber wood as fuel. The goal is to maximize CO and H2 at the gasifier outlet by investigating different vertical positions and angles of the biomass feed inlet. Methods: The research utilizes 3D simulation and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) through the implementation of the ANSYS Fluent (R) software package. Realistic assumptions and the K -epsilon turbulence model simplify the analysis. The model assumes a steady state, adiabatic conditions, homogeneous gas phase kinetics, and ideal fluid behavior. Significant findings: The optimal biomass feed inlet position is 200 mm, yielding higher CO, while a position of 250 mm produces more H2. A 45 degrees feed inlet angle slightly improves syngas quantities but increases CO2. Using a gasifying agent with higher CO2 enhances combustion, while limited O2 facilitates gasification. Increasing oxygen content from 20 % to 50 % raises H2O content. More steam in the inlet boosts H2 production, but excessive H2O reduces steam quality, making expensive steam less effective than air. These findings offer valuable insights for optimizing fluidized bed biomass gasification systems.