Serum β2-microglobulin is closely associated with 3-month outcome of acute intracerebral hemorrhage: a retrospective cohort study

Background Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a frequent type of hemorrhagic stroke. Numerous studies have suggested that inflammation plays an important role in the injury and recovery of ICH. beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2M) is an inflammatory indicator with an unclear association with ICH development. This study aimed to explore the role of beta 2M in the outcome of patients with ICH after 3 months of ICH onset. Methods The beta 2M and other baseline information of 231 patients with ICH were assessed (83 females and 148 males). We followed up with all patients 3 months after ICH onset, and severe disability or a worse outcome was our main focus. We collected the serum beta 2M levels, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and modified Rankin scale (mRS) scores, and other relevant baseline information of each patient. We used multiple regression analysis to explore the association between beta 2M levels and follow-up outcomes. Results Our results indicated that the beta 2M level of the good outcome (2.35 +/- 0.84 mg/l) group was significantly lower than that of the poor outcome group (3.06 +/- 1.71 mg/l) (P<0.001). Further multiple regression analysis showed that beta 2M was regarded as a risk factor that was closely associated with the poor outcome 3 months after ICH onset (odds ratio = 2.26, 95% confidence interval = 1.22-4.19, P=0.009). Further correlation analysis revealed that beta 2M was significantly correlated with NIHSS scores (r=0.187, P=0.004) and follow-up mRS scores (r=0.25, P<0.001). Conclusion beta 2M was a risk factor for early outcome after ICH onset, and high beta 2M level was associated with short-time poor prognosis of ICH patients.