Minimal generating sets of moves for surfaces immersed in the four-space

被引:0
作者
Jablonowski, Michal [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Gdansk, Inst Math, Fac Math Phys & Informat, PL-80308 Gdansk, Poland
关键词
Immersed surface; marked graph diagram; surface-link; link with bands; minimal set of moves; INVARIANTS; MODULE;
D O I
10.1142/S0218216523500712
中图分类号
O1 [数学];
学科分类号
0701 ; 070101 ;
摘要
For immersed surfaces in the four-space, we have a generating set of the Swenton-Hughes-Kim-Miller spatial moves that relate singular banded diagrams of ambient isotopic immersions of those surfaces. We also have Yoshikawa-Kamada-Kawauchi-Kim-Lee planar moves that relate marked graph diagrams of ambient isotopic immersions of those surfaces. One can ask if the former moves form a minimal set and if the latter moves form a generating set. In this paper, we derive a minimal generating set of spatial moves for diagrams of surfaces immersed in the four-space, which translates into a generating set of planar moves. We also show that the complements of two equivalent immersed surfaces can be transformed one another by a Kirby calculus not requiring the 1-1-handle or 2-1-handle slides. We also discuss the fundamental group of the immersed surface-link complement in the four-space and a quandle coloring invariant of an oriented immersed surface-link.
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页数:20
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