Disease-relevant β2-microglobulin variants share a common amyloid fold

beta(2)-microglobulin (beta(2)m) and its truncated variant Delta Nu 6 are co-deposited in amyloid fibrils in the joints, causing the disorder dialysis-related amyloidosis (DRA). Point mutations of beta(2)m result in diseases with distinct pathologies. beta(2)m-D76N causes a rare systemic amyloidosis with protein deposited in the viscera in the absence of renal failure, whilst beta(2)m-V27M is associated with renal failure, with amyloid deposits forming predominantly in the tongue. Here we use cryoEM to determine the structures of fibrils formed from these variants under identical conditions in vitro. We show that each fibril sample is polymorphic, with diversity arising from a 'lego-like' assembly of a common amyloid building block. These results suggest a 'many sequences, one amyloid fold' paradigm in contrast with the recently reported 'one sequence, many amyloid folds' behaviour of intrinsically disordered proteins such as tau and A beta. The authors use cryo-EM to determine amyloid fibrils structures of disease relevant variants of beta 2-microglobulin in vitro. Each variant is polymorphic, but all polymorphs from all samples are built from a a lego-like assembly of common building blocks, suggesting a one amyloid fold' paradigm.