Fault Location Scheme for Multi-Terminal Transmission Line Based on Frequency-Dependent Traveling Wave Velocity and Distance Matrix

This article presents a novel traveling wave (TW) fault location scheme suitable for multi-terminal transmission line. Firstly, Successive Variational Mode Decomposition (SVMD) and Teager Energy Operator (TEO) are used for feature extraction, and the TW velocity and TW arrival time are obtained. Secondly, the fault section identification method is derived based on the perspective of frequency-dependent TW velocity instead of constant one, and the intrinsic distance matrix (IDM), fault distance matrix (FDM) and fault section identification matrix (FSIM) are defined. Thirdly, the fault section and reference terminal are identified by analyzing the characteristic of elements in FSIM. Finally, the estimated location is determined according to the average value of fault distances calculated on the paths containing the selected reference terminal and real fault point. Extensive simulation studies are conducted in PSCAD/EMTDC, and the test results demonstrated that the proposed method is feasible and reliable under various fault situations.