Neural Network-Based Anomaly Data Classification and Localization in Bridge Structural Health Monitoring

Due to the harsh working environments of certain bridges, the bridge structural health monitoring systems (SHMs) are prone to error warning because of anomaly data. Therefore, it is of great significance to accurately classify and locate the anomaly data for effectively addressing these issues. This paper proposes a method for classifying and locating anomaly data utilizing one-dimensional monitoring data based on convolutional neural networks. Compared to previous research reliant on visual features, the proposed method has lower computational costs. By incorporating the anomaly data localization network, manual localization operations for data restoration are replaced. The analysis in this paper is based on monitoring data from a large-span cable-stayed bridge, along with artificially generated anomaly data. The two neural network frameworks proposed in this paper are trained and validated, showcasing precise classification and localization of anomaly data. Furthermore, the paper discusses the impact of common errors in labeling data categories and locating training samples in practical operations. The results demonstrate that even in the presence of noticeable yet non-extreme labeling errors in the training set, the proposed method still achieves accurate classification and localization, highlighting its robustness.