An economic effect assessment of extension services of Agricultural Extension Model Sites for the irrigated wheat production in Iran

Agricultural extension is a key policy to accomplish sustainable agricultural development by improving farmers' knowledge. Agricultural Extension Model Sites (AEMSs) is a new agricultural extension approach for empowering farmers in Iran. Therefore, the purpose of this research is the economic effect assessment of extension services of AEMSs for irrigated wheat production in Iran. Surveys were conducted with 180 people of the main farmers from irrigated wheat AEMSs throughout Iran. The research tool was a questionnaire, the validity of which was examined using the opinions of a group of experts from the Agricultural Education and Extension Institute in Iran. Data analysis was done using econometric analysis and One-way ANOVA analysis through SHAZAM(11) and SPSS27 software. Results showed that the extension services significantly affected irrigated wheat yield with an average increase of 0.66 t/ha. Based on the results, out of the Marginal product value ($69 USD) of the extension services provided to the main farmers, 13.3% ($9 USD) had been spent as the cost of extension services and 86.7% ($60 USD) had been net profit gained by farmers. Farmers' behaviors changed as a result of the AEMs with reduced input costs for growing the crop and increased production and profit from the crop.