Pregnancy, Breastfeeding, and Vitamin D

被引：8
作者：
Dura-Trave, Teodoro [1 ,2 ]
Gallinas-Victoriano, Fidel [3 ]
机构：
[1] Univ Navarra, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Pamplona 31008, Spain
[2] Biomed Res Ctr, Navarrabiomed, Pamplona 31008, Spain
[3] Navarra Hosp Complex, Dept Pediat, Pamplona 31008, Spain
来源：
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES | 2023年 / 24卷 / 15期
关键词：
pregnancy; breastfeeding; human breast milk; breastfed infants; metabolism; supplementation; vitamin D; D SUPPLEMENTATION; DOUBLE-BLIND; D DEFICIENCY; BONE HEALTH; FED INFANTS; FOLLOW-UP; LACTATION; TRIAL; MILK; MANAGEMENT;
D O I：
10.3390/ijms241511881
中图分类号：
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号：
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要：
Exclusive breastfeeding is considered the ideal food in the first six months of life; however, paradoxically, vitamin D content in human breast milk is clearly low and insufficient to obtain the recommended intake of 400 IU daily. This article summarizes the extraordinary metabolism of vitamin D during pregnancy and its content in human breast milk. The prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in pregnant women and/or nursing mothers and its potential maternal-fetal consequences are analyzed. The current guidelines for vitamin D supplementation in pregnant women, nursing mothers, and infants to prevent hypovitaminosis D in breastfed infants are detailed. Low vitamin D content in human breast milk is probably related to active changes in human lifestyle habits (reduced sunlight exposure).
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页数：12
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