Dynamic Pressure Analysis of Shale Gas Wells Considering Three-Dimensional Distribution and Properties of the Hydraulic Fracture Network

A major challenge in transient pressure analysis for shale gas wells is their complex transient flow behavior and fracturing parameters. While numerical simulations offer high accuracy, analytical models are attractive for transient pressure analysis due to their high computational efficiency and broad applicability. However, traditional analytical models are often oversimplified, making it difficult to capture the complex seepage system, and three-dimensional fracture characteristics are seldom considered. To address these limitations, this study presents a comprehensive hybrid model that characterizes the transient flow behavior and analyzes the pressure response of a fractured shale gas well with a three-dimensional discrete fracture. To achieve this, the hydraulic fracture is discretized into several panels, and the transient flow equation is numerically solved using the finite difference method. Based on the Langmuir adsorption isotherm and the pseudo-steady diffusion in matrix and Darcy flow in the network of micro-fractures, a reservoir model is established, and the Laplace transformation is adopted to solve the model analytically. The transient responses are obtained by dynamically coupling the flow in the reservoir and the discrete fracture. The precision of the proposed model is validated using the commercial numerical simulator, Eclipse. A series of transient pressure dynamic curves are drawn to make a precise observation of different flow regimes, and the effects of several parameters on transient pressure response are also examined. The results show that the shale gas well testing interpretation curves comprise nine flow stages. The pressure drop of shale gas reservoirs is lower than that of conventional gas reservoirs due to the replenishment of desorbed gas. The artificial fracture flow capacity, fracture length, and height are the main engineering factors affecting the pressure responses of shale gas wells. Maximizing the degree and scope of reconstruction can enhance the gas well production capacity during fracturing construction. The research results also indicate that our model is a reliable semi-analytical model for well test interpretations in real case studies.