Genotype x environment interaction of six bush pea lines with the afila gene through the AMMI model in cereal grown areas of Colombia

Wheat (Triticum aestivum) and barley (Hordeum vulgare) have no longer been a profitable crop option in Colombia's cereal-growing regions since the opening of the economy in the 1990s, which allowed them to be imported. Due to their high nutritional value and wide commercial demand, peas (Pisum sativum L.) have become a new crop option in southern Colombia's cereal-growth areas. Bush varieties are required with low lodging, high yield, and good adaptation to environmental conditions. This study evaluated six lines of bush pea with the afila gene for yield and phenotypic stability in nine cereal-growing environments of southern Colombia in 2020 and 2021. A randomized block design with four replications was used in each environment. Phenotypic stability was studied using the additive main effects and multiplicative interaction model (AMMI). Visual observation of the biplot graph for principal components IPC1 and IPC2 showed higher contribution of genotypes ARB2, ARB12, and ARB13 to the genotype-environment interaction, while genotypes ARB10, ARB15, and ARB16 displayed the highest stability; only the last two genotypes exceeded the overall mean yield. The AMMI phenotypic stability values confirmed ARB10 and ARB15 as the most stable. The genotypic selection index ranked ARB15 and ARB16 as the most promising lines for the cereal-growing area of southern Colombia based on their stability and yield, making them new productive options.