A Review on the Preliminary Design of Axial and Radial Turbines for Small-Scale Organic Rankine Cycle

被引:6
作者
Wang, Enhua [1 ]
Peng, Ningjian [1 ]
机构
[1] Beijing Inst Technol, Sch Mech Engn, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China
基金
中国国家自然科学基金;
关键词
organic Rankine cycle; axial turbine; radial turbine; preliminary design; mean-line model; PERFORMANCE PREDICTION; OPTIMUM DESIGN; OPTIMIZATION; EFFICIENCY; EXPANDERS; WORKING; SELECTIONS; SYSTEMS; HEAT;
D O I
10.3390/en16083423
中图分类号
TE [石油、天然气工业]; TK [能源与动力工程];
学科分类号
0807 ; 0820 ;
摘要
Organic Rankine cycle (ORC) is an effective technology to harness low-grade energy. Turbine, as a key component of ORC, takes advantages of its high efficiency and compact size compared with other expanders. Currently, developing suitable turbines with a high performance and a low cost is one of the bottlenecks for wide applications of various ORCs. In this context, technical progress on radial inflow turbines (RITs), axial turbines (ATs), and radial outflow turbines (ROTs) is introduced, and loss models used in the preliminary design are compared, especially for small-scale ORCs. RIT is recommended for medium and small ORCs with an expansion pressure ratio of <10. The power outs and rotational speeds of the designed RITs spanned the ranges of 9.3-684 kW and 3000-114,000 r/min with an efficiency of 56.1-91.75%. In comparison, the power outputs and speeds of ATs were 3-2446 kW and 3000-91,800 r/min with an efficiency of 63-89.1%. AT is suitable for large-scale ORCs with a power output of greater than hundreds of kW. However, AT with impulse stages is feasible for small-scale ORCs when the pressure ratio is high, and the mass flow rate is small. The power outputs of the designed ROTs were relatively small, at 10-400 kW with a speed of 7200-42,700 r/min and an efficiency of 68.7-85%. For organic working fluids with a large expansion pressure ratio, ROT might be employed. Conventional mean-line models may neglect the effects of supersonic flow, which will be encountered in many ORC turbines. Therefore, adequate models for supersonic expansion loss and shock loss need to be added. Meanwhile, a proper multivariable optimization algorithm such as a gradient-based or stochastic search method should be selected. Finally, the challenges and potential research directions are discussed. The outcomes can provide some insights for the development of ORC turbines and the optimization of ORC systems.
引用
收藏
页数:20
相关论文
共 97 条
  • [81] System Design and Application of Supercritical and Transcritical CO2 Power Cycles: A Review
    Wang, Enhua
    Peng, Ningjian
    Zhang, Mengru
    [J]. FRONTIERS IN ENERGY RESEARCH, 2021, 9
  • [82] Dynamic performance of an organic Rankine cycle system with a dynamic turbine model: A comparison study
    Wang, Yaxiong
    Wang, Jiangfeng
    Cheng, Ziyang
    Sun, Qingxuan
    Zhao, Pan
    Dai, Yiping
    [J]. APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING, 2020, 181
  • [83] Wasserbauer C.A., 1975, FORTRAN PROGRAM PRED
  • [84] Wei N., 2000, SIGNIFICANCE LOSS MO
  • [85] Weib A.P., 2015, P 3 INT SEM ORC POW
  • [86] A micro-turbine-generator-construction-kit (MTG-c-kit) for small-scale waste heat recovery ORC-Plants
    Weiss, A. P.
    Popp, T.
    Zinn, G.
    Preissinger, M.
    Brueggemann, D.
    [J]. ENERGY, 2019, 181 : 51 - 55
  • [87] Customized ORC micro turbo-expanders- From 1D design to modular construction kit and prospects of additive manufacturing
    Weiss, Andreas P.
    Novotny, Vaclav
    Popp, Tobias
    Streit, Philipp
    Spale, Jan
    Zinn, Gerd
    Kolovratnik, Michal
    [J]. ENERGY, 2020, 209 (209)
  • [88] A Generalised Assessment of Working Fluids and Radial Turbines for Non-Recuperated Subcritical Organic Rankine Cycles
    White, Martin T.
    Sayma, Abdulnaser I.
    [J]. ENERGIES, 2018, 11 (04)
  • [89] THE PRELIMINARY DESIGN OF RADIAL INFLOW TURBINES
    WHITFIELD, A
    [J]. JOURNAL OF TURBOMACHINERY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME, 1990, 112 (01): : 50 - 57
  • [90] Whitfield A., 1990, Design of radial turbomachines