Surgical Delay Increases the Perioperative Blood Transfusion Rate In Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy

Objectives: We aimed to investigate the effect of prolonged time from diagnosis to treatment (TDT) on surgical outcomes in patients undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL). Methods: This study included a total of 544 patients who underwent PNL in our clinic between November 2017 and November 2021. Clinicodemographical, radiological, and perioperative data of the patients were recorded. The stone-free rate as assessed by abdominal computed tomography at 3 months was estimated. The possible relation of the stone-free rate and perioperative complications with TDT was examined. Results: The median age was 48 (range, 38-58) years, the median stone size was 405 (range, 250-700) mm(2), and the median stone density was 1,000 (range, 730-1,221) Hounsfield units. The median TDT was 75 (range, 42-133) days. Twenty-seven patients (5.0%) required perioperative blood transfusion (PBT). There was a statistically significant correlation between TDT and the need for PBT (p=0.022). However, there was no significant correlation between TDT and stone-free rate (p>0.05). Using a cutoff value of 90.5 days, TDT could predict the need for PBT with 59.3% sensitivity and 60% specificity. Conclusion: Our study results suggest that the need for PBT increases in patients undergoing PNL longer than 90.5 days after the diagnosis. However, further large-scale, prospective studies are warranted to elucidate the effect of prolonged TDT on surgical outcomes in this patient population.