On fixed points, their geometry and application to satellite web coupling problem in S-metric spaces

We introduce an M-class function in an S-metric space which is a viable, productive, and powerful technique for finding the existence of a fixed point and fixed circle. Our conclusions unify, improve, extend, and generalize numerous results to a widespread class of discontinuous maps. Next, we introduce notions of a fixed ellipse (elliptic disc) in an S-metric space to investigate the geometry of the collection of fixed points and prove fixed ellipse (elliptic disc) theorems. In the sequel, we validate these conclusions with illustrative examples. We explore some conditions which eliminate the possibility of the identity map in the existence of an ellipse (elliptic disc). Some remarks, propositions, and examples to exhibit the feasibility of the results are presented. The paper is concluded with a discussion of activation functions that are discontinuous in nature and, consequently, utilized in a neural network for increasing the storage capacity. Towards the end, we solve the satellite web coupling problem and propose two open problems.