Developing Hybrid Demand Response Technique for Energy Management in Microgrid Based on Pelican Optimization Algorithm

This paper proposes a new application of Pelican Optimization Algorithm (POA) for optimal Energy Management (EM) in Microgrid (MG) considering Demand Response program (DRP). To maximize the MG operator (MGO) benefit and to reduce the overall operating cost, including the cost of conventional generator fuel and power transaction cost, multi-objective optimization is formulated. To achieve the optimal operation of the MG, a Hybrid DRP is proposed, based on Incentive-based Demand response (IDR) to reduce the peak load and to ensure MG reliability. Reliability is achieved by applying the Hybrid technique to encourage customers to reduce their consumption during peak hours. Applying the conventional IDR (CIDR) for optimal operation leads to customers curtailments to be in off-peak hours. Also instead of using predetermined or specifying fixed hours as peak hours, the proposed hybrid DR technique is a dynamic technique based on the load profile and the average load value. Furthermore, Peak reduction percentage (PRP) was employed to show MG's reliability enhancement. Two distinct MG test systems are examined; the effectiveness of the proposed hybrid dynamic demand response (HDDR) with the proposed POA is demonstrated by comparing its simulation results to those of well-known metaheuristics and newly developed algorithms. According to HDDR with POA technique results, a total reduction in peak hours' load is about 14.6% in the first test system and 7.6% in the second test system. The results indicate that the POA has superiority in solving the EM problem.