Evaluation of the association between TNF-α-1031 T/C polymorphism with oral lichen planus disease

Background Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a T-cell-mediated autoimmune disease that affects the epithelial cells of the oral cavity. This study was performed to investigate any possible relationship between - 1031(T/C) polymorphism (rs1799964) of the tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) gene with the risk and severity of oral lichen planus (OLP) disease among an Iranian population. Method Saliva samples were collected from 100 patients with OLP and a similar number of healthy controls (age and sex-matched). Then, DNA was extracted from the collected samples for genotyping TNF-alpha-1031 T/C polymorphism using the PCR-CTPP method. The results were assessed using SPSS software. Results The findings revealed a significantly higher prevalence of the C allele in OLP patients (53%) compared to healthy controls (36%), suggesting an association between TNF-alpha gene polymorphism and OLP. A multivariate logistic regression analysis supported this finding, as the presence of the C allele was significantly associated with an increased risk of OLP [chi 2 = 4.17, p = 0.04, 95% CI = 1.01-2.65, OR = 1.64]. However, our data indicated no significant association between TNF-alpha-1031 T/C gene polymorphism and OLP severity. Conclusions These findings provide the first evidence supporting a possible role of TNF-alpha-1031 T/C gene polymorphism in OLP susceptibility in the Iranian population. The findings of this study demonstrate a positive association between TNF-alpha-1031 C/T allele distribution and the risk of OLP disease in the Iranian population. Therefore, carrying the C allele may increase the susceptibility to OLP disease.