Studying the Structural and Optical Properties of Thin Compound Oxide Films Based on TiO2: NiO: In2O3 Nanostructure

Spray pyrolysis has been used to fabricate different mixed TiO2/NiO/In2O3 nanostructures. TiO2/NiO/In2O3 has been structurally and optically explored using X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The particles analysis using X-ray diffraction had a polycrystalline structure and all of the observed peaks can be assigned to the samples with nanostructure, while FESEM reveals that they are very small, spherical, and range in size from 14 to 100 nm. The UV-Vis observed the edge of absorbance at about 335-305 nm; the energy band gap was calculated to be 3.3-3.58 eV. The absorbance in this area is caused by the creation of TiO2/NiO/In2O3 nanoparticles. The synthesis of thin films was tested in gas sensor applications. The gas response of the tested samples to hydrogen sulfide gas at different operating temperatures was analysed. The thin film demonstrates that when the operating temperature got higher, sensitivity increased as well. With an increase in operational temperature, recovery and response times are slowed down.