Port resilience analysis based on the HHM-FCM approach under COVID-19

Ports are critical for global trade as they serve as essential gateways for the movement of cargo. To ensure uninterrupted transport services and minimize the impact of disruptive events, enhancing port resilience is of utmost importance. In this study, we developed a hybrid framework combining Hierarchical Holographic Modeling (HHM) with a fuzzy cognitive map (FCM) to analyze the interconnectedness of various factors that contribute to port resilience. Our significant contribution lies in adopting the "ship-port-cargo" perspective, which enabled us to effectively identify and filter relevant factors for enhancing port resilience. The results revealed that supply and demand balance, along with schedule reliability, are the most influential factors contributing to port resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic. The proposed method allows for the examination of both direct and indirect impacts, making network analysis and scenario simulations a valuable tool for studying the influence path. By leveraging this framework, port managers can make informed decisions to enhance port resilience and effectively mitigate the consequences of disruptive events.