A review of environmental functional materials for cyanide removal by adsorption and catalysis

The toxicity of cyanide and its impact on the environment is enormous, but cyanide is still frequently used in the mining and chemical industries, and these human industrial activities result in the release of cyanide into the natural environment in various forms, seriously jeopardizing human health and the ecosystem. Adsorption and catalytic techniques have been widely used for cyanide removal as a simple and effective method of pollutant removal however, the study of cyanide removal using catalysts and adsorbents has not been extensively reviewed. This paper reviews the progress of research on the preparation and modification of various adsorbent and catalytic materials and their cyanide removal performance under different conditions, and discusses the strategies to improve the performance in terms of adsorption and photocatalysis. The adsorption behavior and catalytic mechanism, including adsorption kinetics, thermodynamics and catalytic mechanism, were investigated. The limitations of existing adsorption catalytic materials and their improvement directions are summarized, and the challenges and future perspectives of cyanide removal nanomaterials are outlined. This review will deepen the understanding of cyanide removal using catalysis or adsorption and provide a reference for the development of adsorbents and catalysts for the efficient removal of cyanide from water.